Insomnia has been reported to be a risk and modulating factor of a diverse cardiometabolic disorders including diabetes, hypertension & other cardiovascular disorder, lower immune functioning and increased mortality. We are going to revisit the hyperarousal phenomenon and altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, which could be the underlying mechanism for the metabolic effect of insomnia. In addition, our recent data suggested a gender difference in the association between insomnia and glycemic control at which male subjects with insomnia and diabetes mellitus were associated with poorer glycemic control, albeit insomnia was more common among female subjects. |