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| Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is a pivotal diagnostic tool for evaluating sleep disturbances, particularly obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). However, for patients who cannot tolerate nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and thus require surgical intervention, conventional DISE offers limited information for surgical planning and prognostication.
In the era of precision therapy, accurately identifying the site of obstruction in each OSA patient is crucial for effective surgical planning. To address this need, Interventional DISE (iDISE) has been developed to enhance the identification of obstruction sites, providing valuable information for tailored surgical approaches. By incorporating maneuvers such as jaw thrust, head tilting, palatal advancement, and tongue stabilization, iDISE can provide a more detailed assessment of dynamic changes in the obstructive patterns of the upper airway during sleep. This allows for a better prediction of the potential outcomes of specific surgical interventions at targeted anatomical levels.
Furthermore, differentiating between sleep disturbances such as insomnia and mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can be challenging, as both conditions can present with difficulties in initiating and maintaining sleep. Insomnia may act as a confounding factor in various treatment modalities. The diagnostic and therapeutic role of iDISE in patients with insomnia and mild to moderate OSA remains to be clarified.
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