Sleep-related breathing disorders (SBD), including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea, and sleep-related hypoventilation, are an under-recognized but highly prevalent group of diseases. These nocturnal respiratory events result in intermittent hypoxia, with the potential to increase pulmonary arterial pressure, have a great impact on cardiovascular health. However, the association between OSA and pulmonary hypertension (PH) is not well understood. This relationship appears to be bi-directional, but our understanding of the mechanisms that drive the process remains very limited. Consequences of OSA combined with PH have been shown to increase mortality in clinical observational studies. Additionally, limited data suggest that treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP), which improves pulmonary hemodynamics and reduces pulmonary atrial pressure, may be clinically beneficial. Finally, through clinical cases, we will demonstrate and discuss the impact of SDB on pulmonary arterial pressure, as well as the changes in pulmonary arterial pressure following PAP therapy.
睡眠相關呼吸障礙 (SBD)，包括阻塞型睡眠呼吸中止 (OSA)、中樞型睡眠呼吸中止以及睡眠相關換氣不足，是一群未被充分認識但高度普遍的疾病。這些夜間呼吸事件導致間歇缺氧，可能會增加肺動脈壓，對心血管健康產生重大影響。然而， 阻塞型睡眠呼吸中止 (OSA) 與肺高壓 (PH) 之間的關聯尚不清楚。這種關係似乎是雙向的，但我們對於這一過程進展機制的理解仍十分有限。阻塞型睡眠呼吸中止合併肺高壓的後果，在臨床觀察研究中已被證明會增加死亡率。另外，有限的數據顯示呼吸道正壓 (PAP) 治療，可改善肺血流動力學和降低肺動脈壓，可能是臨床有益的。最後，透過臨床案例，我們將提出和討論睡眠相關呼吸障礙對肺動脈壓的影響，以及呼吸道正壓治療後肺動脈壓的變化。